Commentary: First-Order Embodiment, Second-Order Embodiment, Third-Order Embodiment

Commentary: First-Order Embodiment, Second-Order Embodiment, Third-Order Embodiment

The framework of first-, second-, and third-order embodiment (1-3E; Metzinger, 2014) was developed for exploring how phenomenal properties are physically and computationally grounded. Metzinger’s goal for 1-3E is to show how the experience of being a self (i.e., phenomenal selfhood) is generated within an embodied system and thus to embed his self-model theory (Metzinger, 2004) in the context o...

From 1st Order Embodiment to 2nd Order Embodiment: toward a Cognitive Walker

Studies of control structures underlying insect motor control, in particular walking and climbing, has led to solutions that fit the embodiment approach. The latter has been characterized by R. Brooks as allowing for "intelligence without representation" [I]. Walknet, a system formed by artificial neurones, has proven able to describe quite different aspects of walking and climbing as observed ...

The Evolution of Cognition - From First Order to Second Order Embodiment

The capability to behave autonomously is assumed to rely fundamentally on being embedded into the current situation and in the own body. While reactive systems seem sufficient to address these aspects to assure ones surviving in an unpredictable environment, they clearly lack cognitive capabilities as planning ahead: The latter requires internal models which represents the body and the environm...

Embodiment and Emotional Memory in First vs. Second Language

Language and emotions are closely linked. However, previous research suggests that this link is stronger in a native language (L1) than in a second language (L2) that had been learned later in life. The present study investigates whether such reduced emotionality in L2 is reflected in changes in emotional memory and embodied responses to L2 in comparison to L1. Late Spanish/English bilinguals p...

Embodiment Of